The 4Ps are one of the key concepts that underpin marketing strategy and tactics. The Ps stand for Product, Price, Place and Promotion. They were conceptualised by the distinguished US marketing and research academic, E Jerome McCarthy. Before we look at the 4Ps in detail let’s summarise the difference between strategy and tactics: Strategy: Sets … Read More
MMM
Exploring the Carbon Cost of Advertising
How much CO2 is generated by advertising media and the agencies providing the associated services? Forbes recently analysed the carbon footprint of agencies in the US and found that the key drivers are travel, commuting, office supplies, marketing collateral, utilities, shipping and computer services [1]. Within this, we can take a closer look at the … Read More
What is Marketing Mix Modelling?
Marketing Mix Modelling or MMM is a regression-based approach to identifying the drivers of sales for a business or brand – making it a form of attribution. For many advertisers it is used to understand and optimise the effects of paid media in generating sales outcomes. Unlike many other forms of attribution, MMM aims to … Read More
Adstock and Diminishing Returns: non-linear advertising effects
Adstock is an important concept in marketing effectiveness. It was first quantified by Simon Broadbent in the 1970s. Its value lies in helping make marketing and media mix models more accurate by recognising that advertising and media investments have non-linear “carryover” response effects. These non-linear effects are normally grouped into two areas: the delayed effect … Read More